For example, if the word “ Covid” is transcribed as “cove in”, there is a Levenshtein distance of three, because three edits are required: one to add a space between the “v” and the “i”, one edit to add an “e” after the “v”, and one edit to substitute the “d” for an “n”. They compared the machine and human transcription services using a metric called “Levenshtein distance”, which, they write, “counts the number of discrete edits - insertions, deletions and substitutions - at the character level necessary to transform one text string into another”. Sermons were drawn from four denominations for which they had a sufficient sample size: “mainline Protestant, Evangelical Protestant, historically Black Protestant, and Catholic.”Īudio samples of the sermons, lasting between 30 and 210 seconds, were sent to the human transcription service. The took a “stratified random sample” of 200 sermons from different regions of the US: the Midwest, the South, and “a combined region that merges the Northeast and the West”. The researchers then asked a “third-party human transcription service to tackle portions of some of the sermons that Amazon Transcribe had already transcribed, and then compared the results between the two”. “A few examples included ‘punches pilot’ instead of ‘Pontius Pilate’ and ‘do Toronto me’ in lieu of ‘Deuteronomy.’” “The Amazon service did not always get specific religious terminology or names right,” they write in an analysis published online. The researchers discovered a problem, however. They used Amazon Transcribe, a speech-recognition service, to transcribe the sermons. The object was to analyse topics discussed in sermons in different denominations. Technological advances, however, have meant that this task can be carried out by a computer program, and the Pew Research Center in the United States has compared the results.Īs part of a study in 2019, followed up in 2020, researchers downloaded 60,000 audio and video files of sermons. While some preachers stick to a script, which can then be published, extempore sermons or sermons from notes require a transcription to be typed from an audio recording. Transcripts of sermons are often published on church websites. RESEARCHERS in the United States have attempted to ascertain which transcribes a sermon more accurately: a human or a machine.
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